Reviewing China’s Unequal Education System Based on Ecological System Theory

This review examines China’s educational system the “two-track system” and rural education challenges through the lens of Bronfenbrenner's Ecology System Theory. Using a theoretical framework to review related literature can support readers in understanding the intricate interplay between societal factors, cultural influences, policy decisions, and specific issues. Therefore, this aims to understand how the ecological environment shapes rural education’s development until today, and the Ecological System Theory is used as a theoretical guidance. To find the potential answer to proposed research questions (RQ): RQ 1. What is the background of rural China and the "two-track system" of education? RQ 2. What is the difference between China's urban education and rural education? RQ 3.  How does the related environment influence China's educational system? By addressing this fundamental issue, a comprehensive review is provided by following the ecology system theory from the macro-system level to the micro-syste

Parity duality of super rr-matrices via O\mathcal O-operators and pre-Lie superalgebras

This paper studies super $r$-matrices and operator forms of the super classical Yang-Baxter equation. First by a unified treatment, the classical correspondence between $r$-matrices and $\mathcal{O}$-operators is generalized to a correspondence between homogeneous super $r$-matrices and homogeneous $\mathcal{O}$-operators. Next, by a parity reverse of Lie superalgebra representations, a duality is established between the even and the odd $\mathcal{O}$-operators, giving rise to a parity duality among the induced super $r$-matrices. Thus any homogeneous \OO-operator or any homogeneous super $r$-matrix with certain supersymmetry produces a parity pair of super $r$-matrices, and generates an infinite tree hierarchy of homogeneous super $r$-matrices. Finally, a pre-Lie superalgebra naturally defines a parity pair of $\mathcal{O}$-operators, and thus a parity pair of super $r$-matrices.Comment: 26 pages; to appear in Math Research Letter